diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 85bc657..41d2d77 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 .bootstrap/
 .direnv/
+dump/
diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index 1f1d05f..d3dc134 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -153,13 +153,13 @@
           type = "app";
           program = "${pkgs.writeShellScript "bootstrap-host" (
             builtins.replaceStrings
-              [ "@ADMIN_KEYS@" ]
               [
-                (lib.concatMapStringsSep "\n" (key: "      \"${key}\"") (
-                  lib.flatten (
-                    lib.mapAttrsToList (_: userCfg: userCfg.openssh.authorizedKeys.keys or [ ]) siteConfig.adminUsers
-                  )
-                ))
+                "@ADMIN_USERS_JSON@"
+                "@JQ@"
+              ]
+              [
+                (builtins.toJSON siteConfig.adminUsers)
+                "${pkgs.jq}/bin/jq"
               ]
               (builtins.readFile ./scripts/bootstrap-host.sh)
           )}";
diff --git a/scripts/bootstrap-host.sh b/scripts/bootstrap-host.sh
index 5795eb4..be9f27b 100644
--- a/scripts/bootstrap-host.sh
+++ b/scripts/bootstrap-host.sh
@@ -3,29 +3,39 @@ set -euo pipefail
 usage() {
   cat <<'USAGE'
 Usage:
-  nix run .#bootstrap-host -- <main-wiki|replica-wiki> <target-host> [ssh-identity-file]
-  nix run .#bootstrap-host -- <main-target-host> <replica-target-host> [ssh-identity-file]
+  nix run .#bootstrap-host -- [--admin <name>] <main-wiki|replica-wiki> <target-host> [ssh-identity-file]
+  nix run .#bootstrap-host -- [--admin <name>] <main-target-host> <replica-target-host> [ssh-identity-file]
 
-Examples:
-  nix run .#bootstrap-host -- main-wiki root@203.0.113.10 ~/.ssh/do-bootstrap
-  nix run .#bootstrap-host -- root@203.0.113.10 root@203.0.113.11 ~/.ssh/do-bootstrap
 USAGE
 }
 
-if [ "$#" -lt 2 ] || [ "$#" -gt 3 ]; then
-  usage
-  exit 1
-fi
-
 repo_root="$(pwd)"
 if [ ! -f "$repo_root/flake.nix" ]; then
   printf 'Run bootstrap-host from the repo root\n' >&2
   exit 1
 fi
 
+admin_users_json='@ADMIN_USERS_JSON@'
+
+bootstrap_admin="jet"
 ssh_identity_file=""
 main_target=""
 replica_target=""
+failures=()
+
+if [ "${1:-}" = "--admin" ]; then
+  if [ "$#" -lt 4 ]; then
+    usage
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  bootstrap_admin="$2"
+  shift 2
+fi
+
+if [ "$#" -lt 2 ] || [ "$#" -gt 3 ]; then
+  usage
+  exit 1
+fi
 
 case "$1" in
   main-wiki|replica-wiki)
@@ -43,8 +53,22 @@ case "$1" in
     ;;
 esac
 
+admin_keys() {
+  printf '%s' "$admin_users_json" | @JQ@ -r --arg user "$1" '.[$user].openssh.authorizedKeys.keys[]? | "      \"" + . + "\""'
+}
+
+admin_exists() {
+  printf '%s' "$admin_users_json" | @JQ@ -e --arg user "$1" 'has($user)' >/dev/null
+}
+
+if ! admin_exists "$bootstrap_admin"; then
+  printf 'Unknown admin user for bootstrap: %s\n' "$bootstrap_admin" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
 make_host_module() {
   local module_file="$1"
+  local admin_name="$2"
 
   cat > "$module_file" <<'MODULE'
 { ... }:
@@ -73,7 +97,7 @@ make_host_module() {
     };
   };
 
-  users.users.jet = {
+  users.users.BOOTSTRAP_ADMIN = {
     isNormalUser = true;
     extraGroups = [ "wheel" ];
     openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = [
@@ -86,6 +110,9 @@ make_host_module() {
   services.do-agent.enable = false;
 }
 MODULE
+
+  sed -i "s/BOOTSTRAP_ADMIN/$admin_name/" "$module_file"
+  perl -0pi -e 's/\n@ADMIN_KEYS@/\n'"$(admin_keys "$admin_name" | sed 's/[\/&]/\\&/g')"'/g' "$module_file"
 }
 
 run_bootstrap() {
@@ -97,12 +124,14 @@ run_bootstrap() {
   local try
   local ssh_cmd=(ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new)
   local scp_cmd=(scp -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new)
+  local admin_target
 
   work_dir="$(mktemp -d)"
   module_file="$work_dir/host-bootstrap.nix"
   remote_target="$target_host:/etc/nixos/host-bootstrap.nix"
+  admin_target="${bootstrap_admin}@${target_host#*@}"
 
-  make_host_module "$module_file"
+  make_host_module "$module_file" "$bootstrap_admin"
 
   if [ -n "$ssh_identity_file" ]; then
     ssh_cmd+=( -i "$ssh_identity_file" )
@@ -118,27 +147,48 @@ run_bootstrap() {
 
   printf 'Waiting for %s to reboot into NixOS\n' "$host_name"
   for try in $(seq 1 60); do
-    if "${ssh_cmd[@]}" -o ConnectTimeout=5 "$target_host" 'grep -q "^ID=nixos" /etc/os-release'; then
+    if "${ssh_cmd[@]}" -o ConnectTimeout=5 "$admin_target" 'grep -q "^ID=nixos" /etc/os-release' 2>/dev/null; then
       break
     fi
     sleep 5
   done
 
+  if ! "${ssh_cmd[@]}" -o ConnectTimeout=5 "$admin_target" 'grep -q "^ID=nixos" /etc/os-release' 2>/dev/null; then
+    printf 'Bootstrap failed for %s: host did not come back as NixOS with %s access\n' "$host_name" "$bootstrap_admin" >&2
+    failures+=( "$host_name" )
+    rm -rf "$work_dir"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
   printf 'Finalizing network config on %s\n' "$host_name"
-  "${ssh_cmd[@]}" "$target_host" '
-    sed -i "/defaultGateway6 = {/,/};/d" /etc/nixos/networking.nix 2>/dev/null || true
-    sed -i "/ipv6.routes = \[ { address = \"\"; prefixLength = 128; } \];/d" /etc/nixos/networking.nix 2>/dev/null || true
-    nixos-rebuild switch
+  "${ssh_cmd[@]}" "$admin_target" '
+    sudo sed -i "/defaultGateway6 = {/,/};/d" /etc/nixos/networking.nix 2>/dev/null || true
+    sudo sed -i "/ipv6.routes = \[ { address = \"\"; prefixLength = 128; } \];/d" /etc/nixos/networking.nix 2>/dev/null || true
+    sudo nixos-rebuild switch
   '
 
+  if ! "${ssh_cmd[@]}" "$admin_target" 'sudo -n true >/dev/null && test "$(systemctl is-system-running || true)" = running' 2>/dev/null; then
+    printf 'Bootstrap verification failed for %s: host is not healthy after first switch\n' "$host_name" >&2
+    failures+=( "$host_name" )
+    rm -rf "$work_dir"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  printf 'Bootstrap verified for %s\n' "$host_name"
+
   rm -rf "$work_dir"
 }
 
 if [ -n "${main_target:-}" ]; then
-  run_bootstrap main-wiki "$main_target"
+  run_bootstrap main-wiki "$main_target" || true
 fi
 if [ -n "${replica_target:-}" ]; then
-  run_bootstrap replica-wiki "$replica_target"
+  run_bootstrap replica-wiki "$replica_target" || true
 fi
 
-printf '\nBootstrap complete. The hosts should now be reachable as minimal NixOS systems over public SSH.\n'
+if [ "${#failures[@]}" -ne 0 ]; then
+  printf '\nBootstrap failed for: %s\n' "${failures[*]}" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+printf '\nBootstrap complete. The hosts should now be reachable as NixOS systems over public SSH as %s.\n' "$bootstrap_admin"